The current church is the result of the amalgamation and renovation of two buildings constructed at different times and once dedicated to St James and St Vincent respectively. During the 14th century, the Humiliati settled in St James's. With their suppression in 1571, the complex passed to the Clerics Regular of St Paul, who, in 1584, merged it with the church of St Vincent. The new building, dedicated to both saints, was completed between the end of the 16th century and the early decades of the 17th century.

In 1789, the church was deconsecrated and, together with the convent, converted into a hospital for Austrian troops. Reconsecrated in 1806, its management was entrusted to the Priests of the Mission and, from 1810, it became a subsidiary of the parish church of Sant'Agata. The interior of the church is divided into three naves and houses paintings and sculptures from the Cremona area dating from the 17th and 18th centuries.